What is an «artificial neuron»?

An artificial neuron is a mathematical function conceived as a model of biological neurons, a neural network.
Artificial neurons are elementary units in an artificial neural network.

The artificial neuron receives one or more inputs and sums them to produce an output (or activation, representing a neuron's action potential which is transmitted along its axon).

Usually each input is separately weighted, and the sum is passed through a non-linear function known as an activation function or transfer function.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neuron